What is copal?

Copal is for the hardened resin that not yet fully polymerized and therefore not yet amber. Copal can be found worldwide with various of age. Some 'copal' are very young several decades to hundred years old only. Some copal are very old from several thousand years old to the 52 million years old.

Copal samples:

A. Recent resin (0-250 years old)

1. Colombian copal and others South American copals

2. Madagascar copal and Kenya copal

B. Ancient resin ((250-5000 years old)

1. Philippine copal

2. Beach Dammar batu (Borneo copal found on the beach)

3. Cotui copal

C. Sub-fossil resin (5000-40,000 years old)

1. Mizunami copal

2. Angola copal

3. Congo copal

4.Some Kauri gum

D. Fossil resin (40,000 and older)

1. Kauri gum

2. Zanzibar copal

3. Cambay 'amber'

4. other Japanese copal